The Transfiguration of Jesus


The Transfiguration

The Transfiguration is a , a manifestation of God, especially of the divinity of Christ, through a display of His uncreated, divine energy.

All three Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) reference this biblical event and connect it with Christ's preceding prophecy just days earlier of His own suffering, the carrying of the cross, and the coming revelation of the Kingdom of God. 

The Lord took His closest and most trusted disciples, Peter, James, and John, up a high mountain. Even though the Evangelists don't mention this mountain by name, Christian tradition predominantly agrees that this was Mount Tabor in Galilee, south of Nazareth. This majestic hill is almost three thousand feet high, covered with flora from the bottom to about halfway up, giving amazing views of the surrounding valley.

Transfigured Before Them

The Lord, Jesus Christ, was "transfigured before them." He appeared before the disciples in His heavenly glory, from which His face grew bright as the sun, and His clothes became "as white as the light," "like snow," and "glistening." 

The Apostle Luke adds an important point, indicating that the reason for the ascent to this hill was to pray and that the Lord was transfigured during prayer: "As He prayed, the appearance of His face was altered, and His robe became white and glistening." 

The Apostles with Christ had fallen asleep during prayer, and when they awoke, they saw Him transfigured and flanked on either side by Moses and Elijah, who were speaking to Him about His forthcoming death in Jerusalem.

Icon of "The Transfiguration of Christ"; Credit: Flickr/Jim Forest

Moses and Elijah

Moses appeared to show that Jesus was not a destroyer of his law, as the scribes and Pharisees said. The appearance of Moses, who had already died, and Elijah, who did not die but was taken alive into the heavens, revealed the Lord's power over both life and death, over heaven and earth.

The Apostle Peter expressed the especially grace-filled state that had inspired their souls: "Master, it is good for us to be here," and offered to set up three tents. Peter then says it would be better not to return to the evil world full of hatred and cunning, the world that was threatening the Lord with death and suffering.

The miraculous cloud, the evident indication of God's presence, surrounded them, and out of this cloud, they heard the voice of God the Father: "This is My beloved Son. Hear Him!" These same words were heard during the baptism of Christ, but now with the added "Hear Him!" which should have reminded the apostles of the prophecy of Moses concerning the Messiah and the fulfillment in Jesus.

How the Transfiguration Shows Christ's Divinity

1. Because God is light (1 John 1:5), the bright cloud, the shining of Jesus' face like the sun, and the brightness of His garment all demonstrate that Jesus is God.

2. The Father bears witness from heaven concerning His Son. He says, "This is My beloved Son" (Mt 17:5), indicating that this divine glory is Christ's by nature.

3. The Transfiguration not only proclaims Christ's divine sonship but foreshadows His future glory when He, as the Messiah, will usher in the long-awaited Kingdom.

4. The Holy Trinity is manifest, for Christ is transfigured, the Father speaks from heaven testifying to Jesus' divine sonship, and the Spirit is present as a stunning light surrounding Christ's person, overshadowing the whole mountain.

Bible Passages of the Transfiguration

Read the full Bible text from each of the Gospel books in the passages below: Mark 9:1-13, Matthew 17:1-13, Luke 9:28-36

~ 2 Peter 1:16-17

~ 1 John 1:1-2

~ Revelation 20:11-12

Learn more about the Transfiguration in our Bible Dictionary!

Photo credit: ©Getty Images/sedmak

1And he said to them, “Truly I tell you, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see that the kingdom of God has come with power.”

2After six days Jesus took Peter, James and John with him and led them up a high mountain, where they were all alone. There he was transfigured before them.

3His clothes became dazzling white, whiter than anyone in the world could bleach them.

4And there appeared before them Elijah and Moses, who were talking with Jesus.

5Peter said to Jesus, “Rabbi, it is good for us to be here. Let us put up three shelters—one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.”

6(He did not know what to say, they were so frightened.)

7Then a cloud appeared and covered them, and a voice came from the cloud: “This is my Son, whom I love. Listen to him!”

8Suddenly, when they looked around, they no longer saw anyone with them except Jesus.

9As they were coming down the mountain, Jesus gave them orders not to tell anyone what they had seen until the Son of Man had risen from the dead.

10They kept the matter to themselves, discussing what “rising from the dead” meant.

11And they asked him, “Why do the teachers of the law say that Elijah must come first?”

12Jesus replied, “To be sure, Elijah does come first, and restores all things. Why then is it written that the Son of Man must suffer much and be rejected?

13But I tell you, Elijah has come, and they have done to him everything they wished, just as it is written about him.”

Matthew 17:1-13

1After six days Jesus took with him Peter, James and John the brother of James, and led them up a high mountain by themselves.

2There he was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and his clothes became as white as the light.

3Just then there appeared before them Moses and Elijah, talking with Jesus.

4Peter said to Jesus, “Lord, it is good for us to be here. If you wish, I will put up three shelters—one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.”

5While he was still speaking, a bright cloud covered them, and a voice from the cloud said, “This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased. Listen to him!”

6When the disciples heard this, they fell facedown to the ground, terrified.

7But Jesus came and touched them. “Get up,” he said. “Don’t be afraid.”

8When they looked up, they saw no one except Jesus.

9As they were coming down the mountain, Jesus instructed them, “Don’t tell anyone what you have seen, until the Son of Man has been raised from the dead.”

10The disciples asked him, “Why then do the teachers of the law say that Elijah must come first?”

11Jesus replied, “To be sure, Elijah comes and will restore all things.

12But I tell you, Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but have done to him everything they wished. In the same way the Son of Man is going to suffer at their hands.”

13Then the disciples understood that he was talking to them about John the Baptist.

Luke 9:28-62

28About eight days after Jesus said this, he took Peter, John and James with him and went up onto a mountain to pray.

29As he was praying, the appearance of his face changed, and his clothes became as bright as a flash of lightning.

30Two men, Moses and Elijah, appeared in glorious splendor, talking with Jesus.

31They spoke about his departure, which he was about to bring to fulfillment at Jerusalem.

32Peter and his companions were very sleepy, but when they became fully awake, they saw his glory and the two men standing with him.

33As the men were leaving Jesus, Peter said to him, “Master, it is good for us to be here. Let us put up three shelters—one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.” (He did not know what he was saying.)

34While he was speaking, a cloud appeared and covered them, and they were afraid as they entered the cloud.

35A voice came from the cloud, saying, “This is my Son, whom I have chosen; listen to him.”

36When the voice had spoken, they found that Jesus was alone. The disciples kept this to themselves and did not tell anyone at that time what they had seen.

37The next day, when they came down from the mountain, a large crowd met him.

38A man in the crowd called out, “Teacher, I beg you to look at my son, for he is my only child.

39A spirit seizes him and he suddenly screams; it throws him into convulsions so that he foams at the mouth. It scarcely ever leaves him and is destroying him.

40I begged your disciples to drive it out, but they could not.”

41“You unbelieving and perverse generation,” Jesus replied, “how long shall I stay with you and put up with you? Bring your son here.”

42Even while the boy was coming, the demon threw him to the ground in a convulsion. But Jesus rebuked the impure spirit, healed the boy and gave him back to his father.

43And they were all amazed at the greatness of God. While everyone was marveling at all that Jesus did, he said to his disciples,

44“Listen carefully to what I am about to tell you: The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men.”

45But they did not understand what this meant. It was hidden from them, so that they did not grasp it, and they were afraid to ask him about it.

46An argument started among the disciples as to which of them would be the greatest.

47Jesus, knowing their thoughts, took a little child and had him stand beside him.

48Then he said to them, “Whoever welcomes this little child in my name welcomes me; and whoever welcomes me welcomes the one who sent me. For it is the one who is least among you all who is the greatest.”

49“Master,” said John, “we saw someone driving out demons in your name and we tried to stop him, because he is not one of us.”

50“Do not stop him,” Jesus said, “for whoever is not against you is for you.”

51As the time approached for him to be taken up to heaven, Jesus resolutely set out for Jerusalem.

52And he sent messengers on ahead, who went into a Samaritan village to get things ready for him;

53but the people there did not welcome him, because he was heading for Jerusalem.

54When the disciples James and John saw this, they asked, “Lord, do you want us to call fire down from heaven to destroy them ?”

55But Jesus turned and rebuked them.

56Then he and his disciples went to another village.

57As they were walking along the road, a man said to him, “I will follow you wherever you go.”

58Jesus replied, “Foxes have dens and birds have nests, but the Son of Man has no place to lay his head.”

59He said to another man, “Follow me.”But he replied, “Lord, first let me go and bury my father.”

60Jesus said to him, “Let the dead bury their own dead, but you go and proclaim the kingdom of God.”

61Still another said, “I will follow you, Lord; but first let me go back and say goodbye to my family.”

62Jesus replied, “No one who puts a hand to the plow and looks back is fit for service in the kingdom of God.”

2 Peter 1:16-21

16For we did not follow cleverly devised stories when we told you about the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ in power, but we were eyewitnesses of his majesty.

17He received honor and glory from God the Father when the voice came to him from the Majestic Glory, saying, “This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased.”

18We ourselves heard this voice that came from heaven when we were with him on the sacred mountain.

19We also have the prophetic message as something completely reliable, and you will do well to pay attention to it, as to a light shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts.

20Above all, you must understand that no prophecy of Scripture came about by the prophet’s own interpretation of things.

21For prophecy never had its origin in the human will, but prophets, though human, spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.

1 John 1:1-2

1That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked at and our hands have touched—this we proclaim concerning the Word of life.

2The life appeared; we have seen it and testify to it, and we proclaim to you the eternal life, which was with the Father and has appeared to us.

Revelation 20:11-15

11Then I saw a great white throne and him who was seated on it. The earth and the heavens fled from his presence, and there was no place for them.

12And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. Another book was opened, which is the book of life. The dead were judged according to what they had done as recorded in the books.

13The sea gave up the dead that were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them, and each person was judged according to what they had done.

14Then death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. The lake of fire is the second death.

15Anyone whose name was not found written in the book of life was thrown into the lake of fire.

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