Israel [E,H,I,N,B] Bible Dictionaries

Dictionaries :: Israel

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Israel:

the name conferred on Jacob after the great prayer-struggle at Peniel (Gen 32:28), because "as a prince he had power with God and prevailed." (See JACOB.) This is the common name given to Jacob's descendants. The whole people of the twelve tribes are called "Israelites," the "children of Israel" (Jos 3:17; 7:25; Jdg 8:27; Jer 3:21), and the "house of Israel" (Exd 16:31; 40:38).

This name Israel is sometimes used emphatically for the true Israel (Psa 73:1: Isa. 45:17; 49:3; Jhn 1:47; Rom 9:6; 11:26).

After the death of Saul the ten tribes arrogated to themselves this name, as if they were the whole nation (2Sa 2:9,10,17,28; 3:10,17; 19:40-43), and the kings of the ten tribes were called "kings of Israel," while the kings of the two tribes were called "kings of Judah."

After the Exile the name Israel was assumed as designating the entire nation.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

Israel:

who prevails with God

International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia

Israel:

iz'-ra-el.

Nave's Topical Bible

Israel: 1. A Name Given to Jacob

Gen 32:24-32; 2Ki 17:34; Hsa 12:3, 4

Israel: 2. A Name of the Messiah in Prophecy

Isa 49:3

Israel: 3. A Name Given to the Descendants of Jacob, a Nation

Called also ISRAELITES, and HEBREWS.

Gen 43:32; Exd 1:15; 9:7; 10:3; 21:2; Lev 23:42; Jos 13:6, etc.;
1Sa 4:6; 13:3, 19; 14:11, 21; Phl 3:5.

Israel: Tribes of Israel

Were named after the sons of Jacob. In lists usually the names of Levi and Joseph, two sons of Jacob, do not appear. The descendants of Levi were consecrated to the rites of religion, and the two sons of Joseph, Ephraim and Manasseh, were adopted by Jacob in Joseph's place,

Gen 48:5; Jos 14:4;

and their names appear in the catalogues of tribes instead of those of Levi and Joseph, as follows: ASHER, BENJAMIN, DAN, EPHRAIM, GAD, ISSACHAR, JUDAH, MANASSEH, NAPHTALI, REUBEN, SIMEON, ZEBULUN.

Israel: Names Of

Seen in John's vision, on the gates of the New Jerusalem,

Rev 21:12.

Israel: Prophecies Concerning

Gen 15:5, 13; 25:23; 26:4; 27:28, 29, 40; 48:19; 49; Deu 33;

of the multitude of,

Gen 13:16; 15:5; 22:17; 26:4; 28:14;

of their captivity in Eqypt,

Gen 15:13, 14; Act 7:6, 7.

Israel: Divided into Families

Each of which had a chief,

Num 25:14; 26; 36:1; Jos 7:14; 1Ch 4; 5; 6; 7; 8.

Israel: Number Of

Who went into Egypt,

Gen 46:8-27; Exd 1:5; Deu 10:22; Act 7:14.

Number of, at the time of the exodus,

Exd 12:37, 38; with Gen 47:27; Exd 1:7-20; Psa 105:24; Act 7:17.

Number of, fit for military service when they left Egypt,

Exd 12:37;

at Sinai, by tribes,

Num 1:1-50;

after the plague,

Num 26;

when David numbered (conducted a census),

2Sa 24:1-9; 1Ch 21:5, 6; 27:23, 24;

after the captivity,

Ezr 2:64; Neh 7:66, 67;

in John's apocalyptic vision,

Rev 7:1-8.

Israel: Lived In Goshen

Gen 46:28-34; 47:4-10, 27, 28

Lived in Egypt for four-hundred and thirty years,

Exd 12:40, 41; with Gen 15:13; Act 7:6; Gal 3:17.

Were enslaved and oppressed by the Egyptians,

Exd 1; 2; 5; Act 7:18-21.

Their groaning heard by God,

Exd 2:23-25.

Moses commissioned as the deliverer,

Exd 3:2-22; 4:1-17.

The land of Egypt was plagued on their account,

see EGYPT.

Exempt from the plagues,

Exd 8:22, 23; 9:4-6, 26; 10:23; 11:7; 12:13.

Children were spared when the firstborn of the Egyptians were killed,

Exd 12:13, 23.

Instituted the Passover,

Exd 12:1-28.

Borrowed jewels from the Egyptians,

Exd 11:2, 3; 12:35, 36; Psa 105:37.

Urged by the Egyptians to depart,

Exd 12:31-39.

Journey from Rameses to Succoth,

Exd 12:37-39.

Made the journey by night,

Exd 12:42.

The day of their deliverance to be a memorial,

Exd 12:42; 13:3-16.

Led by God,

Exd 13:18, 21, 22.

Providentially cared for,

Deu 8:3, 4; 29:5, 6; 34:7; Neh 9:21; Psa 105:37.

See MANNA; CLOUD, PILLAR OF

Israel: Journey From

Succoth to Etham,

Exd 13:20;

to Pi-hahiroth,

Exd 14:2; Num 33:5-7.

Pursued by the Egyptians,

Exd 14:5-31.

Pass through the Red Sea,

Exd 14:19-22; Deu 11:4; Psa 78; 105; 106; 136.

The order of the march,

Num 2.

Journey to Marah,

Exd 15:23; Num 33:8.

Complained on account of the bitter water,

Exd 15:23-25;

water of, sweetened,

Exd 15:25.

Journey to Elim,

Exd 15:27; Num 33:9.

For the itinerary,

see Num 33.

Israel: Complained for Food

Exd 16:2, 3

Provided with manna and quail,

Exd 16:4-36.

Complained for lack of water at Rephidim,

Exd 17:2-7;

water miraculously supplied from the rock at Meribah,

Exd 17:5-7.

Defeat the Amalekites,

Exd 17:13; Deu 25:17, 18.

Arrive at Sinai,

Exd 19:1; Num 33:15.

At the suggestion of Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, they organize a system of government,

Exd 18:25; Deu 1:9-17.

The message of God to them, requiring that they must be obedient to his commandments, and as a reward they would be a holy nation to him, and their reply,

Exd 19:3-8.

Sanctify themselves for receiving the law,

Exd 19:10-15.

The law delivered to,

Exd 20; 21; 22; 23; 24:1-4; Lev 25; 26; 27.

The people receive it and covenant obedience to it,

Exd 24:3, 7.

Idolatry of,

Exd 32; Deu 9:17-21.

The anger of the Lord in consequence,

Exd 32:9-14.

Moses' indignation; breaks the tables of stone; enters the camp; commands the Levites; three thousand die,

Exd 32:19-35.

Punished by a plague,

Exd 32:35.

Obduracy of,

Exd 33:3; 34:9; Deu 9:12-29.

God withdraws his presence,

Exd 33:1-3.

The mourning of, when God refused to lead them,

Exd 33:4-10.

Tables renewed,

Exd 34.

Pattern for the tabernacle and the appurtenances, and forms of worship to be observed,

Exd 25; 26; 27; 28; 29; 30; 31.

Gifts consecrated for the creation of the tabernacle,

Exd 35; 36:1-7; Num 7.

The erection of the tabernacle; the manufacture of the appurtenances including the garments of the priests; and their sanctification,

Exd 36:8-38; 37; 38; 39; 40.

First sacrifice offered by, under the law,

Lev 8:14-36; 9:8-24.

Second Passover observed,

Num 9:1-5.

Israel: March Out of the Wilderness

Num 10:11-36

For the itinerary,

see Num 33.

The order of camping sites and the march,

Num 2.

Arrive at the border of Canaan,

Num 12:16.

Send twelve spies to view the land,

Num 13; 32:8; Deu 1:22, 25; Jos 14:7.

Return with a majority report and a minority report,

Num 13:26-33; 14:6-10.

Complaining over the report,

Num 14:1-5.

The judgment of God upon them in consequence of their unbelief and complaining,

Num 14:13-39.

Reaction, and their purpose to enter the land; are defeated by the Amalekites,

Num 14:40-45; Deu 1:41-45.

Abide at Kadesh,

Deu 1:46.

Return to the wilderness, where they remain for thirty eight years, and all die except Joshua and Caleb,

Num 14:20-39.

Rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram,

Num 16:1-40; Deu 11:6.

Complain against Moses and Aaron, are plagued, fourteen-thousand and seven-hundred people die, plague stopped,

Num 16:41-50.

Complain for lack of water in Meribah; the rock is struck,

Num 20:1-13.

Are refused passage through the country of Edom,

Num 20:14-21.

The death of Aaron,

Num 20:22, 29; 33:38, 39; Deu 10:6.

Defeat the Canaanites,

Num 21:1-3.

Are scourged with fiery (poisonous) serpents,

Num 21:4-9.

Defeat the Amorites,

Num 21:21-32; Deu 2:24-35.

Defeat the king of Baasha,

Num 21:33-35; Deu 3:1-17.

Arrive in the plains of Moab, at the fords of the Jordan River,

Num 22:1; 33:48, 49.

Commit idolatry with the people of Moab,

Num 25:1-5.

Punished by a plague in consequence, twenty-four thousand people die,

Num 25:6-15; 26:1.

The people numbered for the allotment of the land,

Num 26.

The daughters of Zelophehad sue for an inheritance,

Num 27:1-11; Jos 17:3-6.

Conquest of the Midianites,

Num 31.

Nations dread,

Deu 2:25.

Renew the covenant,

Deu 29.

Moses dies, and the people mourn,

Deu 34.

Joshua appointed the leader,

Num 27:18-23; Deu 31:23.

See JOSHUA

Israel: All Who Were Numbered at Mount Sinai

Perished in the wilderness except Caleb and Joshua,

Num 26:63, 65; Deu 2:14-16.

Piety of those who entered Canaan,

Jos 23:8; Jdg 2:7-10; Jer 2:2, 3.

Men chosen to allot the lands of Canaan among the tribes and families,

Num 34:17-29.

Remove from Shittim to the Jordan River,

Jos 3:1.

Cross the Jordan River,

Jos 4.

Circumcision observed and the Passover celebrated,

Jos 5.

Jericho captured,

Jos 6.

Ai captured,

Jos 7; 8.

Make a treaty with the Gibeonites,

Jos 9.

Defeat the five Amoritish kings,

Jos 10.

Conquest of the land,

Jos 21:43-45; with Jdg 1.

The land allotted,

Jos 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21.

Israel: Two and One-half Tribes Return

From the west side of the Jordan River; erect a memorial to signify the unity of the tribes; the memorial misunderstood; the controversy which followed; its amicable resolution,

Jos 22.

Joshua's exhortation immediately before his death,

Jos 23.

Covenant renewed, death of Joshua,

Jos 24; Jdg 2:8, 9.

Religious fidelity during the life of Joshua,

Jos 24:31; Jdg 2:7.

Israel: Under the Judges:

Public affairs administered four-hundred and fifty years by the judges,

Jdg 2:16-19; Act 13:20.

The original inhabitants not fully expelled,

Jdg 1:27-36; 3:1-7.

Reproved by an angel for not casting out the original inhabitants,

Jdg 2:1-5.

People turn to idolatry,

Jdg 2:10-23.

Delivered for their idolatry to the king of Mesopotamia during eight years, their repentance and deliverance,

Jdg 3:8-11.

Renew their idolatry, and are put under tribute to the king of Moab during eighteen years, repent and are delivered by Ehud, eighty years of peace follow,

Jdg 3:12-30.

Shamgar resists a foray of the Philistines and delivers Israel,

Jdg 3:31.

People again do evil and are put under bonds to the king of Syria for twenty years,

Jdg 4:1-3.

Delivered by Deborah, a prophetess, and judged,

Jdg 4; 5.

Seven years of bondage to the Midianites; delivered by Gideon,

Jdg 6; 7; 8:1-28;

see GIDEON.

Return to idolatry,

Jdg 8:33, 34.

Abimelech foments an inter-tribal war,

Jdg 9.

Judged by Tola for twenty-three years,

Jdg 10:1, 2;

by Jair for twenty-two years,

Jdg 10:3, 4.

The people backslide, and are given over to the Philistines for chastisement for eighteen years; they repent and turn to the Lord; they are delivered by Jephthah,

Jdg 10:6-18; 11.

The Ephraimites go to war against other tribes; they are defeated by Jephthah,

Jdg 12:1-7.

Judged by Ibzan for seven years,

Jdg 12:8-10;

by Elon for ten years,

Jdg 12:11, 12;

by Abdon for eight years,

Jdg 12:13-15.

The people backslide again are chastened by the Philistines for forty years,

Jdg 13:1.

Judged by Samson for twenty years,

Jdg 15:20; with Jdg 13; 14; 15; 16.

Scandal of the Bethlehemite's concubine, and the consequent war between the Benjamites and the other tribes,

Jdg 19; 20; 21.

Judged by Eli for forty years,

1Sa 4:18; with 1Sa 1; 2; 3; 4.

Struck down by the Philistines at Eben-ezer,

1Sa 4:1, 2, 10, 11.

Demand a king,

1Sa 8:5-20; Hsa 13:10.

Israel: Under the Kings before the Separation into Two Kingdoms:

Saul anointed as king,

1Sa 10; 11:12-15; 12:13.

Ammonites invade Israel, are defeated,

1Sa 11.

Philistines struck down,

1Sa 14.

Amalekites defeated,

1Sa 15.

David anointed as king,

1Sa 16:11-13.

Goliath killed,

1Sa 17.

Israel defeated by the Philistines, and Saul and his sons are killed,

1Sa 31.

See SAUL

David defeats the Amalekites,

1Sa 30; 2Sa 1:1.

David made king,

2Sa 2:4, 11.

Ish-bosheth made king,

2Sa 2:8-10.

The conflict between the two political factions,

2Sa 2:12-32; 3:1.

David made king over all Israel,

2Sa 5:1-5.

Conquests of David,

2Sa 8.

Absalom's rebellion,

2Sa 15:18.

See DAVID

Solomon anointed as king,

1Ki 1:32-40.

The Temple built,

1Ki 6.

Solomon's palace built,

1Ki 7.

Solomon's death,

1Ki 11:41-43.

See SOLOMON

Israel: The Revolt of the Ten Tribes:

Foreshadowing circumstances indicating the separation:

Disagreement after Saul's death,

2Sa 2; 1Ch 12:23-40; 13.

Lukewarmness of the ten tribes, and zeal of Judah for David in Absolom's rebellion,

2Sa 19:41-43.

The rebellion of Sheba,

2Sa 20.

The two factions are distinguished as Israel and Judah during David's reign,

2Sa 21:2.

Providential,

Zec 11:14.

Revolt consummated under Rehoboam, son and successor of Solomon,

1Ki 12:4.

Israel: 4. The Name of the Ten Tribes that Revolted from the house of David

Called also JACOB,

Hsa 12:2.

Israel: List of the Kings of Israel

And the period of time in which they reigned. For the facts of their reigns see under each name.

Jeroboam, Twenty-Two Years Nadab, about Two Years Baasha, Twenty-Four Years Elah, Two Years Zimri, Seven Days Omri, Twelve Years Ahab, Twenty-Two Years Ahaziah, Two Years Jehoram, Twelve Years Jehu, Twenty-Eight Years Jehoahaz, Seventeen Years Jehoash, Sixteen Years Jeroboam II, Forty-One Years Zachariah, Six Months Shallum, One Month Menahem, Ten Years Pekahiah, Two Years Pekah, Twenty Years Hoshea, Nine Years

The ten tribes were carried away captive to Assyria.

Israel: History Of:

War continued between the two kingdoms all the days of Rehoboam and Jeroboam,

1Ki 14:30;

and between Jeroboam and Abijam,

1Ki 15:7;

and between Baasha and Asa,

1Ki 15:16, 32.

Famine prevails during the reign of Ahab,

1Ki 18:1-6.

Israel, called also SAMARIA, invaded by, but defeats, Ben-hadad, king of Syria,

1Ki 20.

Moab rebels,

2Ki 1:1; 3.

Army of Syria invades Israel, but peacefully withdraws through the tact of the prophet Elisha,

2Ki 6:8-23.

Samaria besieged,

2Ki 6:24-33; 7;

city of, taken, and the people carried to Assyria,

2Ki 17.

The land repopulated,

2Ki 17:24.

The remnant that remained after the able-bodied persons were carried into captivity affiliated with the kingdom of Judah,

2Ch 30:18-26; 34:6; 35:18.

Israel: 5. Judah

The nation composed of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin, called JUDAH,

Isa 11:12, 13; Jer 4:3;

and JEWS, ruled by the descendants of David.
In the historical books of the Kings and the Chronicles the nation is called JUDAH, but in the prophecies it is frequently referred to as Israel as in

Isa 8:14; 49:7.

Israel: List of Rulers

And the periods of time over which they reigned:

Rehoboam, seventeen years. Abijah, or Abijam, three years. Asa, forty-one years. Jehoshaphat, twenty-five years. Jehoram, eight years. Ahaziah, one year. Athaliah's usurpation, six years, Joash, or Jehoash, forty years. Amaziah, twenty-nine years. Uzziah, or Azariah, fifty-two years. Jotham, sixteen years. Ahaz, sixteen years. Hezekiah, twenty-nine years. Manasseh, fifty-five years. Amon, two years. Josiah, thirty-one years. Jehoahaz, Josiah's son, three months. Jehoiakim, Josiah's son, eleven years. Jehoiachin, or Jeconiah, Jehoiakim's son, three months. Zedekiah, or Mattaniah, Josiah's son, eleven years.

For the history of the above kings see under each name.

Israel: Rehoboam Succeeds Solomon

In consequence of his arbitrary policy ten tribes rebel

1Ki 12.

Other circumstances of his reign,

1Ki 14:21-31; 2Ch 10; 11; 12.

Death of Rehoboam,

1Ki 14:31.

Abijam's good reign,

1Ki 15:9-24; 2Ch 14; 15; 16.

Asa makes a league with Ben-hadad, king of Syria, to make war against Israel,

1Ki 15:16-24.

Jehoshaphat succeeds Asa,

1Ki 14:24; 2Ch 17; 18; 19; 20; 21:1;

joins Ahab against the king of Syria,

1Ki 22.

See JEHOSHAPHAT.

Jehoram, called also JORAM, reigns in the stead of his father, Jehoshaphat,

2Ki 8:16-24; 2Ch 21.

Edom revolts,

2Ki 8:20-22.

Ahaziah, called also AZARIAH,

2Ch 22:6;

and JEHOAHAZ,

2Ch 21:17; 25:23;

succeeds Jehoram,

2Ki 8:24-29; 2Ch 22:8, 9;

Athaliah, his mother, succeeds him,

2Ki 11:1-16; 2Ch 22:10-12; 23:1-15.

Jehoash, called also JOASH, succeeds Athaliah,

2Ki 11:21; 12:1-21; 2Ch 24.

The temple repaired,

2Ki 12.

Amaziah reigns, and Judah is invaded by the king of Israel; Jerusalem is taken and the sacred things of the temple carried away,

2Ki 14:1-20; 2Ch 25.

Azariah, called also UZZIAH, succeeds him,

2Ki 14:21, 22; 15:1-7; 2Ch 26.

Jotham succeeds Uzziah,

2Ki 15:7, 32-38; 2Ch 27.

Rezin, king of Syria, invades Judah,

2Ki 15:37.

Jotham is succeeded by Ahaz,

2Ki 16:1; 2Ch 28.

Judah is invaded by kings of Samaria and Syria; Ahaz hires the king of Assyria to make war on the king of Syria,

2Ki 16:5-9.

Ahaz changes the fashion of the altar in the temple,

2Ki 16:10-18.

Hezekiah succeeds Ahaz,

2Ki 16:19, 20; 2Ch 29; 30; 31; 32.

His good reign,

2Ki 18:1-8.

He revolts from the sovereignty of the king of Assyria,

2Ki 18:7.

King of Assyria invades Judah, and blasphemes the God of Judah; his army overthrown,

2Ki 18:9-37; 19.

Hezekiah's sickness and miraculous restoration,

2Ki 20.

Succeeded by Manasseh,

2Ki 20:21; 2Ch 33:1-20.

Manasseh's wicked reign,

2Ki 21:1-18.

Amon succeeds Manasseh on the throne,

2Ki 21:18-26; 2Ch 33:20-25.

Josiah succeeds Amon; the temple is repaired; the book of the law recovered; religious revival follows; and the king dies,

2Ki 22; 23:1-30; 2Ch 34; 35.

Josiah is succeeded by Jehoahaz, who reigned three months, was dethroned by the king of Egypt, and the land put under tribute,

2Ki 23:30-35; 2Ch 36:1-3.

Jehoiakim is elevated to the throne; becomes tributary to Nebuchadnezzar for three years; rebels; is conquered and carried to Babylon,

2Ki 24:1-6; 2Ch 36:4-8.

Jehoiachin is made king; suffers invasion and is carried to Babylon,

2Ki 24:8-16; 2Ch 36:9, 10.

Zedekiah is made king by Nebuchadnezzar; rebels; Nebuchadnezzar invades Judah, takes Jerusalem, and carries the people to Babylon, despoiling the temple,

2Ki 24:17-20; 25; 2Ch 36:11-21.

The poorest of the people were left to occupy the country, and were joined by fragments of the army of Judah, the dispersed Israelites in other lands, and the king's daughters,

2Ki 25:12, 22, 23; Jer 39:10; 40:7-12; 52:16.

Gedaliah appointed governor over,

2Ki 25:22.

His administration favorable to the people,

2Ki 25:23, 24; Jer 40:7-12.

Conspired against and slain by Ishmael,

2Ki 25:25; Jer 40:13-16; 41:1-3.

Ishmael seeks to betray the people to the Ammonites,

Jer 41:1-18.

The people, in fear, take refuge in Egypt,

2Ki 25:26; Jer 41:14-18; 42:13-18.

Israel: Captivity Of:

Great wickedness the cause of their adversity,

Eze 5; 6; 7; 16; 23:22-44.

Dwell in Babylon,

Dan 5:13; 6:13; Jer 52:28-30;

by the river Chebor,

Eze 1:1; 10:15.

Patriotism of,

Psa 137.

Plotted against, by Haman,

Est 3.

Are saved by Esther,

Est 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9.

Cyrus decrees their restoration,

2Ch 36:22, 23; Ezr 1:1-4.

Cyrus directs the rebuilding of the temple, and the restoration of the vessels which had been carried to Babylon,

2Ch 36:23; Ezr 1:3-11.

Proclamation renewed by Darius and Artaxerxes,

Ezr 6:1-14.

Ezra returns with seventeen hundred and fifty-four of the captivity to Jerusalem,

Ezr 2.

Temple rebuilt and dedicated,

Ezr 3; 4; 5; 6.

Artaxerxes issues proclamation to restore the temple service,

Ezr 7.

Priests and Levites authorized to return,

Ezr 8.

Corruptions among the returned captives; their reform,

Ezr 9; 10.

Nehemiah is commissioned to lead the remainder of the captivity, forty-nine thousand nine hundred and forty-two, back to Canaan,

Neh 2; 7:5-67; Psa 85; 87; 107; 126.

Wall of Jerusalem rebuilt and dedicated,

Neh 8; 9; 10.

One-tenth of the people, to be determined by lot, volunteer to dwell in Jerusalem, and the remaining nine parts dwell in other cities,

Neh 11.

Catalogue of the priests and Levites who came up with Zerubbabel,

Neh 12.

Nehemiah reforms various abuses,

Neh 13.

Expect a Messiah,

Luk 3:15.

Many accept Jesus as the Christ,

Jhn 2:23; 10:42; 11:45; 12:11; Act 21:20.

Reject Jesus,

see JESUS, REJECTED.

Rejected of God,

Mat 21:43; Luk 20:16.

Israel: Prophecies Concerning:

Of their rejection of the Messiah,

Isa 8:14, 15; 49:5, 7; 52:14; 53:1-3; Zec 11; 13; Mat 21:33; 22:1.

Israel: Of War and Other Judgments:

Deu 28:49-57; 2Ki 20:17, 18; 21:12-15; 22:16, 17; 23:26, 27; Isa 1:1-24; 3; 4:1; 5; 6:9-13; 7:17-25; 8:14-22; 9; 10:12; 22:1-14; 28:14-22; 29:1-10; 30:1-17; 31:1-3; 32:9-14; Jer 1:11-16; 4:5-31; 6; 7:8-34; 8; 9:9-26; 10:17-22; 11:9-23; 13:9-27; 14:14-18; 15:1-14; 16; 17:1-4; 18:15-17; 19; 20:5; 21:4-7; 22:24-30; 25:8-38; 28; 34; 37; 38:1-3; 42:13-22; 43; 44; 45; Lam 5:6; Eze 4; 5; 11:7-12; 12; 15; 16; 17; 19; 22:13-22; 23:22-35; 24; 33:21-29; Dan 9:26-27; Joe 2:1-17; Amo 2:4, 5; Mic 2:10; 3; 4:8-10; Hab 1:6-11; Zep 1; Zec 11; 14:1-3; Mal 4:1; Mat 21:33, 34; 23:35-38; 24:2, 14-42; Mar 13:1-13; Luk 13:34, 35; 19:43, 44; 21:5-25; 23:28-31; Rev 1:7.

Israel: Dispersion Of:

Isa 24:1; Jer 9:16; Hos 9:17; Joe 3:6, 20; Amo 9:9; Eze 4:13; 5:10, 12; 20:23; 36:19; Dan 9:7; Jhn 7:35; Act 2:5.

Israel: Of Blessing and Restoration:

Isa 1:25-27; 2:1-5; 4:2-6; 11:11-13; 25; 26:1, 2, 12-19; 27:13; 29:18-24; 30:18-26; 32:15-20; 33:13-24; 35; 37:31, 32; 40:2, 9; 41:27; 44; 49:13-23; 51; 52:1-12; 60; 61:4-9; 62; 66:5-22; Jer 3:14-18; 4:3-18; 12:14-16; 23:3; 24:1-7; 29:1-14; 30:3-22; 32:36-44; 33; 44:28; Eze 14:22, 23; 16:60-63; 20:40, 41; 36:1-38; 37:12, 21; Dan 11:30-45; 12:1; Joe 3; Amo 9:9-15; Oba 1:17-21; Mic 2:12, 13; 5:3; Zep 2:7; Zec 1:14-21; 2; 8; 10:5-12; 12:1-14; 13; 14:3-21; Mal 3:4; Rom 11; 2Co 3:16; Rev 7:5.

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Israel:

(the prince that prevails with God.)

(1.) The name given (Genesis 32:28) to Jacob after his wrestling with the angel (Hosea 12:4) at Peniel. Gesenius interprets Israel "soldier of God."

(2.) It became the national name of the twelve tribes collectively. They are so called in Exodus 3:16 and afterward.

(3.) It is used in a narrower sense, excluding Judah, in 1 Samuel 11:8; 2 Samuel 20:1; 1 Kings 12:16. Thenceforth it was assumed and accepted as the name of the northern kingdom.

(4.) After the Babylonian captivity, the returned exiles resumed the name Israel as the designation of their nation. The name Israel is also used to denote lay‐men, as distinguished from priests, Levites and other ministers (Ezra 6:16; 9:1; 10:25; Nehemiah 11:3 etc.).

Jacob:

one who follows on another's heels; supplanter, (Gen 25:26; 27:36; Hsa 12:2-4), the second born of the twin sons of Isaac by Rebekah. He was born probably at Lahai-roi, when his father was fifty-nine and Abraham one hundred and fifty-nine years old. Like his father, he was of a quiet and gentle disposition, and when he grew up followed the life of a shepherd, while his brother Esau became an enterprising hunter. His dealing with Esau, however, showed much mean selfishness and cunning (Gen 25:29-34).

When Isaac was about 160 years of age, Jacob and his mother conspired to deceive the aged patriarch (Gen 27), with the view of procuring the transfer of the birthright to himself. The birthright secured to him who possessed it (1) superior rank in his family (Gen 49:3); (2) a double portion of the paternal inheritance (Deu 21:17); (3) the priestly office in the family (Num 8:17-19); and (4) the promise of the Seed in which all nations of the earth were to be blessed (Gen 22:18).

Soon after his acquisition of his father's blessing (Gen 27), Jacob became conscious of his guilt; and afraid of the anger of Esau, at the suggestion of Rebekah Isaac sent him away to Haran, 400 miles or more, to find a wife among his cousins, the family of Laban, the Syrian (Gen 28). There he met with Rachel (Gen 29). Laban would not consent to give him his daughter in marriage till he had served seven years; but to Jacob these years "seemed but a few days, for the love he had to her." But when the seven years were expired, Laban craftily deceived Jacob, and gave him his daughter Leah. Other seven years of service had to be completed probably before he obtained the beloved Rachel. But "life-long sorrow, disgrace, and trials, in the retributive providence of God, followed as a consequence of this double union."

At the close of the fourteen years of service, Jacob desired to return to his parents, but at the entreaty of Laban he tarried yet six years with him, tending his flocks (Gen 31:41). He then set out with his family and property "to go to Isaac his father in the land of Canaan" (Gen 31). Laban was angry when he heard that Jacob had set out on his journey, and pursued after him, overtaking him in seven days. The meeting was of a painful kind. After much recrimination and reproach directed against Jacob, Laban is at length pacified, and taking an affectionate farewell of his daughters, returns to his home in Padanaram. And now all connection of the Israelites with Mesopotamia is at an end.

Soon after parting with Laban he is met by a company of angels, as if to greet him on his return and welcome him back to the Land of Promise (Gen 32:1-2). He called the name of the place Mahanaim, i.e., "the double camp," probably his own camp and that of the angels. The vision of angels was the counterpart of that he had formerly seen at Bethel, when, twenty years before, the weary, solitary traveller, on his way to Padan-aram, saw the angels of God ascending and descending on the ladder whose top reached to heaven (Gen 28:12).

He now hears with dismay of the approach of his brother Esau with a band of 400 men to meet him. In great agony of mind he prepares for the worst. He feels that he must now depend only on God, and he betakes himself to him in earnest prayer, and sends on before him a munificent present to Esau, "a present to my lord Esau from thy servant Jacob." Jacob's family were then transported across the Jabbok; but he himself remained behind, spending the night in communion with God. While thus engaged, there appeared one in the form of a man who wrestled with him. In this mysterious contest Jacob prevailed, and as a memorial of it his name was changed to Israel (wrestler with God); and the place where this occured he called Peniel, "for", said he, "I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved" (Gen 32:25-31).

After this anxious night, Jacob went on his way, halting, mysteriously weakened by the conflict, but strong in the assurance of the divine favour. Esau came forth and met him; but his spirit of revenge was appeased, and the brothers met as friends, and during the remainder of their lives they maintained friendly relations. After a brief sojourn at Succoth, Jacob moved forward and pitched his tent near Shechem (q.v.), Gen 33:18; but at length, under divine directions, he moved to Bethel, where he made an altar unto God (Gen 35:6,7), and where God appeared to him and renewed the Abrahamic covenant. While journeying from Bethel to Ephrath (the Canaanitish name of Bethlehem), Rachel died in giving birth to her second son Benjamin (Gen 35:16-20), fifteen or sixteen years after the birth of Joseph. He then reached the old family residence at Mamre, to wait on the dying bed of his father Isaac. The complete reconciliation between Esau and Jacob was shown by their uniting in the burial of the patriarch (Gen 35:27-29).

Jacob was soon after this deeply grieved by the loss of his beloved son Joseph through the jealousy of his brothers (Gen 37:33). Then follows the story of the famine, and the successive goings down into Egypt to buy corn (Gen 42), which led to the discovery of the long-lost Joseph, and the patriarch's going down with all his household, numbering about seventy souls (Exd 1:5; Deu 10:22; Act 7:14), to sojourn in the land of Goshen. Here Jacob, "after being strangely tossed about on a very rough ocean, found at last a tranquil harbour, where all the best affections of his nature were gently exercised and largely unfolded" (Gen 48). At length the end of his checkered course draws nigh, and he summons his sons to his bedside that he may bless them. Among his last words he repeats the story of Rachel's death, although forty years had passed away since that event took place, as tenderly as if it had happened only yesterday; and when "he had made an end of charging his sons, he gathered up his feet into the bed, and yielded up the ghost" (Gen 49:33). His body was embalmed and carried with great pomp into the land of Canaan, and buried beside his wife Leah in the cave of Machpelah, according to his dying charge. There, probably, his embalmed body remains to this day (Gen 50:1-13). (See HEBRON.)

The history of Jacob is referred to by the prophets Hosea (Hsa 12:3,4,12) and Malachi (Mal 1:2). In Mic 1:5 the name is a poetic synonym for Israel, the kingdom of the ten tribes. There are, besides the mention of his name along with those of the other patriarchs, distinct references to events of his life in Paul's epistles (Rom 9:11-13; Hbr 12:16; 11:21). See references to his vision at Bethel and his possession of land at Shechem in Jhn 1:51; Jhn 4:5, 12; also to the famine which was the occasion of his going down into Egypt in Act 7:12 (See LUZ; BETHEL.)

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He is a cross pendant.
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