ANGUISH an'-gwish: Extreme distress of body, mind or spirit; excruciating pain or suffering of soul, e.g. excessive grief, remorse, despair. Chiefly expressed in Old Testament, by four derivatives of tsuq, "straitened," "pressed," and tsar, and two derivatives signifying "straitness," "narrowness," hence distress; also shabhats, "giddiness," "conf

ANGLO-SAXON VERSIONS an-glo-sax'-on vur'-shuns. See ENGLISH VERSIONS. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'ANGLO-SAXON VERSIONS'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

ANGLING an'-gling: Angling, i.e. fishing with a hook or angle, was little known among the ancients. The fish were chiefly taken by casting nets, etc. (see Matthew 13:47). Compare e.g. "Then did Deucalion first the art invent of angling" (Davors, Secret of Angling, I). See NET. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Informa

ANGLE an'-g'-l: Used in Isaiah 19:8 for a Hebrew noun that is rendered "hook" in Job 41:1: "The fishers shall lament, and all they that cast angle (hook) into the Nile shall mourn." For a striking figurative use of it see Habakkuk 1:15 where, speaking of the wicked devouring the righteous, "making men as the fishes of the sea," the prophet says: "

ANGER an'-ger: In the Old Testament, the translation of several Hebrew words, especially of 'aph (lit. "nostril," "countenance"), which is used some 45 times of human, 177 times of Divine, anger (OHL). The word occurs rarely in the New Testament (Mark 3:5; Ephesians 4:31; Colossians 3:8; Revelation 14:10), its place being taken by the word "wrath"

ANGEL OF YAHWEH See ANGEL (II, 3). Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'ANGEL OF YAHWEH'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

ANGELS OF THE SEVEN CHURCHES It is evident from the contexts of the various Biblical passages in which the word "angel" appears, that the word does not always represent the same idea. In such passages as Daniel 12:1 and Acts 12:15 it would seem that the angel was generally regarded as a superhuman being whose duty it was to guard a nation or an ind

ANGEL OF GOD See ANGEL. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'ANGEL OF GOD'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

ANGEL an'-jel (mal'akh; Septuagint and New Testament, aggelos): _I. DEFINITION AND SCRIPTURE TERMS_ _II. ANGELS IN OLD TESTAMENT_ 1. Nature, Appearances and Functions 2. The Angelic Host 3. The Angel of the Theophany _III. ANGELS IN NEW TESTAMENT_ 1. Appearances 2. The Teaching of Jesus about Angels 3. Other New Testament References _IV.

ANETOTHITE an'-e-toth-it: the King James Version form of Anathothite (thus the Revised Version (British and American) 1 Chronicles 27:12). Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'ANETOTHITE'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

ANETHOTHITE an'-e-thoth-it: the King James Version form of Anathothite (thus the Revised Version (British and American) 2 Samuel 23:27). Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'ANETHOTHITE'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

ANER (2) a'-ner (`aner, meaning doubtful): A Levitical town in Manasseh, West of the Jordan (1 Chronicles 6:70). Gesenius and others identified it with Taanach of Joshua 21:25. There is, however, no agreement as to its location. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entr

ANER (1) a'-ner (`aner; Septuagint Aunan; Samaritan Pentateuch, `anram, "sprout," "waterfall"): One of the three "confederates" of Abraham in his pursuit after the four kings (Genesis 14:13,14). Judging from the meanings of the two other names, Mamre being the name of the sacred grove or tree (Jahwist) and synonymous with Hebron (Priestly Code); a

ANDRONICUS an-dro-ni'-kus (Andronikos): (1) A deputy of Antiochus Epiphanes, who, while ruling at Antioch, excited the Jews by the murder of Onias, and, upon their formal complaint, was executed by his superior (2 Macc 4:32-38); generally distinguished from another officer of the same name, also under Antiochus (2 Macc 5:23). (2) A kinsman of Pau

ANEM a'-nem (`anem, "two springs"; Anam): Anem is mentioned with Ramoth among the cities of Issachar assigned to the priests, the sons of Gershom (1 Chronicles 6:73). In the parallel list (Joshua 21:29), there are mentioned Jarmuth and En- gannim, corresponding to Ramoth and Anim, therefore Anim and En-gannim (Jenin) are identical. As the name den

ANCLE an'-k'-l. See ANKLE. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'ANCLE'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

ANDREW an'-droo (Andreas, i.e. "manly." The name has also been interpreted as "the mighty one, or conqueror"): Andrew was the first called of the Twelve Apostles. _I. In New Testament._ 1. Early History and First Call: Andrew belonged to Bethsaida of Galilee (compare John 1:44). He was the brother of Simon Peter and his father's name was John (

ANCIENTS an-shents: This word (except in one instance) renders the Hebrew word zeqenim, (pl of zaqen), which should always be translated "old men" or "elders." The Hebrew word never has the connotation which "ancients" has in modern English. The words "I understand more than the ancients" (Psalms 119:100 the King James Version) do not mean that th

ANCIENT OF DAYS (`attiq yomin, = Aramaic): On `attiq, see ANCIENT (4). The expression is used in reference to God in Daniel 7:9,13,22 and is not intended to suggest the existence of God from eternity. It was the venerable appearance of old age that was uppermost in the writer's mind. "What Daniel sees is not the eternal God Himself, but an aged ma

ANCHOR an'-ker. See SHIPS AND BOATS. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'ANCHOR'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.