JUDGMENT, LAST 1. A Transcendental Doctrine: In Christian theology the Last Judgment is an act in which God interposes directly into human history, brings the course of this world to a final close, determines the eternal fate of human beings, and places them in surroundings spiritually adapted to their final condition. The concept is purely transc

JUDICIAL BLINDNESS joo-dish'-al. See BLINDNESS, JUDICIAL. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'JUDICIAL BLINDNESS'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

JUDGMENT SEAT (bema, "a raised place," "platform," "tribune," Matthew 27:19; John 19:13; see GABBATHA; Acts 12:21 margin (text "throne"); 18:12,16; 25:6,17): In Greek law courts, one bema was provided for the accuser, another for the accused; but in the New Testament the word designates the official scat of a judge, usually of the Roman governor;

JUDGMENT, DAY OF See JUDGMENT, LAST. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'JUDGMENT, DAY OF'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

JUDGING JUDGMENT juj'-ing, juj'-ment: Often in the Old Testament for "to act as a magistrate" (Exodus 18:13; Deuteronomy 1:16; 16:18, etc.), justice being administered generally by "elders" (Exodus 18:13-27), or "kings" (1 Samuel 8:20) or "priests" (Deuteronomy 18:15); applied to God as the Supreme Judge (Psalms 9:7,8; 10:18; 96:13; Micah 4:3, etc

JUDGMENT HALL juj'-ment hol (to praitorion, "Then led they Jesus .... unto the hall of judgment .... and they themselves went not into the judgment hall" (John 18:28 the King James Version); "Then Pilate entered into the judgment hall again" (John 18:33 the King James Version); "(Pilate) went again into the judgment hall" (John 19:9); "He commanded

JUDGES, BOOK OF juj'-iz,: 1. Title 2. Place in the Canon 3. Contents (1) Introductory, Judges 1-2:5 (2) Central and Main Portion, Judges 2:6-16 (3) An Appendix, Judges 17-21 4. Chronology 5. Authorship and Sources 6. Relation to Preceding Books 7. Relation to Septuagint and Other versions 8. Religious Purpose and Value LITERATURE 1. Ti

JUDGES, PERIOD OF I. SOURCES II. CHRONOLOGY III. GENERAL POLITICAL SITUATION 1. The Canaanites 2. Foes Without IV. MAIN EVENTS 1. Struggles of Individual Tribes 2. Civil Strife 3. The Six Invasions 4. Need of Central Government V. RELIGIOUS CONDITIONS VI. THEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION LITERATURE I. Sources. Our chief sources of informati

JUDEA joo-de'-a: In Ezra 5:8 for "Judah"; thus the Revised Version (British and American). In the New Testament the form is JUDAEA (which see). Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'JUDEA'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

JUDGE juj (shopheT; New Testament dikastes, krites): In the early patriarchal times the heads of families and the elders of the tribes were the judges (compare Genesis 38:24), and their authority was based on custom. In the wilderness Moses alone was the judge until Jethro suggested a scheme of devolution. On his advice Moses divided the people in

JUDE jood (Ioudas): Brother of the Lord, and author of the Epistle of Jude. See JUDAS OF JAMES and following article. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'JUDE'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

JUDE, THE EPISTLE OF The Writer I. JUDE'S POSITION IN THE CANON II. THE OCCASION OF ITS COMPOSITION III. DESCRIPTION OF THE LIBERTINES AND APOSTATES IV. RELATION OF JUDE TO THE SECOND EPISTLE OF PETER 1. Resemblances 2. Differences 3. Further Contrasts 4. Summary 5. Evidence of Priority of Peter 6. Corroborative References V. DATE OF THE

JUDAS, THE LORD'S BROTHER See JUDE. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'JUDAS, THE LORD'S BROTHER'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

JUDDAH jud'-a. See JUTTAH. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'JUDDAH'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

JUDAS, NOT ISCARIOT (Ioudas ouch ho Iskariotes): One of the Twelve Apostles (John 14:22). See JUDAS OF JAMES; LEBBAEUS; THADDAEUS. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'JUDAS, NOT ISCARIOT'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

JUDAS OF GALILEE (ho Galilaios): Mentioned in Acts 5:37 as the leader of an insurrection occasioned by the census of Quirinius in 7 AD (see QUIRINIUS). He, and those who obeyed him, it is said, perished in that revolt. Josephus also repeatedly mentions Judas by this same name, "the Galilean," and speaks of his revolt (Ant., XVIII, i, 6; XX, v, 2;

JUDAS OF JAMES (Ioudas Iakobou): One of the twelve apostles (Luke 6:16; Acts 1:13; for etymology, etc., see JUDAS). the King James Version has the reading "brother of James," and the Revised Version (British and American) reads "son of James." The latter is to be preferred. In John 14:22 he is described as "Judas (not Iscariot)." The name correspo

JUDAS, JUDA (1) The name of an ancestor of Jesus (Luke 3:30). In the King James Version it occurs also in Luke 3:26, but the Revised Version (British and American) has "Joda" (Westcott-Hort, Ioda). (2) Judas Iscariot (see separate article). (3) One of the brothers of Jesus (Matthew 13:55; Mark 6:3). See JUDE. (4) An apostle, "not Iscariot" (Joh

JUDAS MACCABAEUS See MACCABAEUS. Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'JUDAS MACCABAEUS'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.

JUDAS OF DAMASCUS See JUDAS, (6). Copyright Statement These files are public domain. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Entry for 'JUDAS OF DAMASCUS'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". 1915.